FLOW CONTROL

Flow-control accessories add to the flexibility of the cased-hole completion design and perform a multitude of tasks, such as:

• Temporarily plugging off the tubing string.
• Establishing temporary communication between the tubing and the annulus.

Profile landing nipples and sliding sleeves have a special locking groove and a honed sealbore to allow a flowcontrol device to lock in the nipple and seal off when installed. By design, the sleeves and nipples will have a smaller inside diameter (ID) than that of the tubing string. For this reason, careful consideration must be given to the overall application and completion design when selecting and sizing the various models of profile landing nipples and sleeves. This is especially true in any case in which through-tubing operations or perforating are planned.

Correct application of flow-control accessories can greatly reduce the time and money spent on diagnosing well problems should they occur. Strategically placed profile landing nipples above and below the packer aid in isolating the packer or the tubing string. Once the source of the failure is known, a plan can be formulated to resolve the problem. Special flow-control devices are available to straddle across sections of the tubing and deter work overs. The knowledge gained by being able to use flow-control accessories and devices to perform downhole diagnostics is extremely valuable in planning corrective action to be addressed in the subsequent work over.

TUBING ANCHORS

Anchor Catchers are devices used to anchor tubing string to the casing at a desired depth, in order to pull and maintain tension in the tubing string during the pump cycle while simultaneously catching and preventing any parted pipe from falling into the well. It is used in most of the rod pumping applications where maintaining tubing tension is necessary. When set with proper tension to overcome excessive tubing movement, the Anchor Catcher effectively cuts operating cost incurred from excessive rod, tubing, and casing wear which results in fewer pulling jobs. Elimination of excessive tubing movement increases production by lengthening the effective stroke of the pump, thereby increasing volumetric efficiency.

PACKERS

The packer forms the basis of the cased-hole completion design. The packer is a sealing device that isolates and contains produced fluids and pressures within the wellbore to protect the casing and other formation above or below the producing zone. This is essential to the basic function of most wells.

PACKER APPLICATIONS

• Prevent downhole movement of the tubing string
• Support some of the weight of the tubing
• Often improve well flow and production rate
• Protect the annular casing from corrosion from produced fluids and high pressures
• Provide a means of separation of multiple producing zones
• Limit well control to the tubing at the surface for safety purposes
• Hold well-servicing fluid (kill fluids, packer fluids) in the casing annulus

PACKER CLASSIFICATION
Production Packers can be classified into two groups and three ways of functioning:
Groups

Retrievable
Permanent

Function

Mechanical
Hydraulic
Wireline

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